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Member state

Estonia at the United Nations

Flag of Estonia
Flag of Estonia.svg by {{AutVec|u| }} (Public domain) — Wikimedia Commons
Admitted
1991-09-17
ISO 3166-1
EE / EST
Admitted by
A/RES/46/4

In the European Parliament

Members representing this state in the current or previous term, from the Parliament’s own record.

International organisations

Every organisation this state belongs to that is compiled here, with the date it joined. Membership is resolved against this site’s own list of member states rather than taken from a query.

OrganisationJoined
International Telecommunication Union 1922-05-19
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe 1991-09-10
United Nations 1991-09-17
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization 1991-10-14
Universal Postal Union 1992-04-30
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development 1992-06-23
World Meteorological Organization 1992-08-21
World Trade Organization 1999-11-13
North Atlantic Treaty Organization 2004-03-29
European Union 2004-05-01
World Health Organization not recorded
Council of Europe not recorded
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development not recorded

Peacekeeping contribution

Uniformed personnel this state had deployed to UN missions in 2026-07-31, the most recent month the UN Peace and Security Data Hub reports. Counts are deployments, not distinct people.

PersonnelDeployedOf whom women
Experts on Mission 2 1
Staff Officer 1 0

Every contributor, month by month

Position in General Assembly voting

A statistical estimate of where this state sat on the main axis of General Assembly voting, not a record of any vote. The range is what the model treats as credible; neither end of the scale is the better one.

YearEstimate Credible rangeVotes cast
2025 1.02 0.88 to 1.16 190
2024 1.17 1.01 to 1.34 108
2023 1.14 0.96 to 1.33 88
2022 1.17 0.98 to 1.37 88
2021 1.08 0.92 to 1.26 85
2020 1.16 1.00 to 1.34 97

Every state's position

People of concern

As recorded by UNHCR’s Refugee Data Finder for 2025 — UNHCR’s own reporting categories, not a census.

CategoryPeople
Refugees hosted 41,299
Asylum-seekers hosted 321
Stateless people 62,043
Refugees from Estonia abroad 86

Population projection

United Nations World Population Prospects, median variant — a projection, not a count.

202520302035204020452050
1,344,2321,302,7721,268,2711,236,7871,206,1841,174,267

Service on principal organs

Elected terms as recorded by the Dag Hammarskjöld Library. A year marked pending is one the Library publishes as a partial list because its elections have not yet been held.

Economic and Social Council

2017 2016 2015 2011 2010 2009

Human Rights Council

2028 pending 2027 pending 2026 2015 2014 2013

Security Council

2021 2020

Permanent representatives

6 recorded. Full list

NameFromTo
Sven Jürgenson 2015-08-132022-08-29
Margus Kolga 20102015
Jaak Jõerüüt 2004-072004-11
Tiina Intelmann 20042010
Merle Pajula 20002004
Trivimi Velliste 19941998

Permanent mission

Mission
Permanent Mission of Estonia to the United Nations
Address
Permanent Mission of the Republic of Estonia to the United Nations, 3 Dag Hammarskjöld Plaza, 305 East 47th Street, Unit 6B, New York, NY 10017
National holiday
Independence Day, 24 February
Accredited diplomats
8

Accredited diplomats

The numbers

IndicatorLatestYearSince 1989
Adult literacy rate 99.89 2011
CO2 emissions per capita 7.759 2024
GDP 47,030,833,799 2025
GNI per capita 32,310 2025
Life expectancy at birth 79.3 2024
Military expenditure (% of GDP) 3.374 2024
Population 1,366,475 2025
Refugees hosted (UNHCR mandate) 41,299 2025
Refugees originating (UNHCR mandate) 86 2025

World Bank, World Development Indicators, CC BY 4.0. The sparkline shows the shape of each run from its first reported year; the number beside it carries the magnitude, and there is deliberately no axis on it.

General Debate statements

35 statements to the General Debate since 1991, 60,087 words in all. The longest was 1993, at 3,179 words, delivered by Mr. Lennart Meri.

Of the 32 statements since 1994 whose speaker’s post the record gives: President ×21, Minister for Foreign Affairs ×8, UN Representative ×3. Earlier years are excluded because UN records do not consistently identify a speaker’s post before 1994, and counting those years as though they did would make any state look as though it sent nobody senior.

2025 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991

Emblems and location

Coat of arms of Estonia
Coat of arms. Coat of arms of Estonia.svg by Riigikantselei (Public domain) — Wikimedia Commons
Location of Estonia
Location. EU-Estonia.svg by NuclearVacuum (CC BY-SA) — Wikimedia Commons

Treaties joined

90 actions recorded by the Secretary-General as depositary. Only treaties whose participant counts match the depositary’s own stated totals contribute rows.

TreatySignedRatified or acceded
Revised General Act for the Pacific Settlement of International Disputes - 21 Oct 1991 a
Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the United Nations - 21 Oct 1991 a
Optional Protocol to the Convention on Special Missions concerning the compulsory settlement of disputes - 21 Oct 1991 a
Vienna Convention on the Representation of States in their Relations with International Organizations of a Universal Character - 21 Oct 1991 a
Vienna Convention on Succession of States in Respect of State Property, Archives and Debts - 21 Oct 1991 a
United Nations Convention on Jurisdictional Immunities of States and Their Property 30 Mar 2006 -
Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the Specialized Agencies - 8 Oct 1997 a
Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations - 21 Oct 1991 a
Optional Protocol to the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations, concerning Acquisition of Nationality - 21 Oct 1991 a
Optional Protocol to the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations, concerning the Compulsory Settlement of Disputes - 21 Oct 1991 a
Vienna Convention on Consular Relations - 21 Oct 1991 a
Optional Protocol to the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations concerning Acquisition of Nationality - 21 Oct 1991 a
Optional Protocol to the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations concerning the Compulsory Settlement of Disputes - 21 Oct 1991 a
Convention on special missions - 21 Oct 1991 a
Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide - 21 Oct 1991 a
International Convention against Apartheid in Sports - 21 Oct 1991 a
Convention on the Rights of the Child - 21 Oct 1991 a
Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty - 30 Jan 2004 a
Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities 25 Sep 2007 30 May 2012
International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance - 13 Jan 2026 a
International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination - 21 Oct 1991 a
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights - 21 Oct 1991 a
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights - 21 Oct 1991 a
Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights - 21 Oct 1991 a
Convention on the non-applicability of statutory limitations to war crimes and crimes against humanity - 21 Oct 1991 a
International Convention on the Suppression and Punishment of the Crime of Apartheid - 21 Oct 1991 a
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women - 21 Oct 1991 a
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment - 21 Oct 1991 a
Constitution of the World Health Organization - 31 Mar 1993 A
WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control 8 Jun 2004 27 Jul 2005
Protocol relating to the Status of Refugees - 10 Apr 1997 a
Convention on psychotropic substances - 5 Jul 1996 a
United Nations Convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances - 12 Jul 2000 a
United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods - 20 Sep 1993 a
Agreement establishing the International Fund for Agricultural Development - 5 Dec 2012 a
Customs Convention on the International Transport of Goods under Cover of TIR Carnets (TIR Convention) - 21 Sep 1992 a
International Convention on the Harmonization of Frontier Controls of Goods - 4 Mar 1996 a
Convention on the Contract for the International Carriage of Goods by Road (CMR) - 3 May 1993 a
Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road (ADR) - 25 Jun 1996 a
Agreement concerning the adoption of harmonized technical United Nations Regulations for wheeled vehicles, equipment and parts which can be fitted and/or be used on wheeled vehicles and the conditions for reciprocal recognition of approvals granted on the basis of these United Nations Regulations - 2 Mar 1995 a
European Agreement concerning the Work of Crews of Vehicles Engaged in International Road Transport (AETR) - 3 May 1993 a
Agreement on the International Carriage of Perishable Foodstuffs and on the Special Equipment to be used for such Carriage (ATP) 1 - 6 Feb 1998 a
European Agreement supplementing the Convention on road traffic opened for signature at Vienna on 8 November 1968 - 14 Mar 2003 a
European Agreement supplementing the Convention on Road Signs and Signals - 30 Nov 1993 a
Agreement concerning the Adoption of Uniform Conditions for Periodical Technical Inspections of Wheeled Vehicles and the Reciprocal Recognition of such Inspections - 9 Sep 1998 a
International Convention on Maritime Liens and Mortgages, 1993 - 7 Feb 2003 a
Convention on the International Maritime Organization - 31 Jan 1992 A
International Convention on Arrest of Ships, 1999 - 11 May 2001 a
Agreement on the Importation of Educational, Scientific and Cultural Materials - 1 Aug 2001 A
International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organisations - 28 Jan 2000 a
Convention for the Protection of Producers of Phonograms against Unauthorized Duplication of their Phonograms - 28 Feb 2000 a
Protocol to the Agreement on the Importation of Educational, Scientific and Cultural Materials of 22 November 1950 - 1 Aug 2001 a
International Tropical Timber Agreement, 2006 23 Sep 2009 9 Aug 2011
Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court 27 Dec 1999 30 Jan 2002
International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism 6 Sep 2000 22 May 2002
United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime 14 Dec 2000 10 Feb 2003
Agreement on the Privileges and Immunities of the International Criminal Court 27 Jun 2003 13 Sep 2004
United Nations Convention against Corruption - 12 Apr 2010 a
United Nations Convention against Cybercrime; Strengthening International Cooperation for Combating Certain Crimes Committed by Means of Information and Communications Technology Systems and for the Sharing of Evidence in Electronic Form of Serious Crimes 23 Jun 2026 -
International Convention Against the Taking of Hostages - 8 Mar 2002 a
Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of Crimes against Internationally Protected Persons, including Diplomatic Agents - 21 Oct 1991 a
Convention on the Safety of United Nations and Associated Personnel - 8 Mar 2006 a
International Convention for the Suppression of Terrorist Bombings 27 Dec 1999 10 Apr 2002
Agreement under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biological Diversity of Areas beyond National Jurisdiction 20 Sep 2023 -
Agreement for the Implementation of the Provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 10 December 1982 relating to the Conservation and Management of Straddling Fish Stocks and Highly Migratory Fish Stocks - 7 Aug 2006 a
Agreement on the Privileges and Immunities of the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea - 1 Feb 2008 a
Protocol on the Privileges and Immunities of the International Seabed Authority - 1 Feb 2008 a
Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards - 30 Aug 1993 a
Vienna Convention on succession of States in respect of treaties - 21 Oct 1991 a
Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties between States and International Organizations or between International Organizations - 21 Oct 1991 a
Tampere Convention on the Provision of Telecommunication Resources for Disaster Mitigation and Relief Operations 25 May 1999 -
Convention on the prohibition of military or any other hostile use of environmental modification techniques - 14 Apr 2011 a
Convention on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons which may be deemed to be Excessively Injurious or to have Indiscriminate Effects (with Protocols I, II and III) - 20 Apr 2000 a
Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on their Destruction 14 Jan 1993 26 May 1999
Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty 20 Nov 1996 13 Aug 1999
Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on their Destruction - [12 May 2004 a] (withdrawn)
Arms Trade Treaty 3 Jun 2013 2 Apr 2014 AA
Convention on long-range transboundary air pollution - 7 Mar 2000 a
United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in those Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, Particularly in Africa - 8 Feb 2012 a
Convention on Access to Information, Public Participation in Decision-Making and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters - 2 Aug 2001
Rotterdam Convention on the Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International Trade - 13 Jun 2006 a
Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants - 7 Nov 2008 a
Protocol on Civil Liability and Compensation for Damage Caused by the Transboundary Effects of Industrial Accidents on Transboundary Waters to the 1992 Convention on the Protection and Use of Transboundary Watercourses and International Lakes and to the 1992 Convention on the Transboundary Effects of Industrial Accidents 21 May 2003 -
Minamata Convention on Mercury - 21 Jun 2017 a
Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer - 17 Oct 1996 a
Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal - 21 Jul 1992 a
Convention on Environmental Impact Assessment in a Transboundary Context - 25 Apr 2001 a
Convention on the Protection and Use of Transboundary Watercourses and International Lakes 18 Mar 1992 16 Jun 1995
Convention on the Transboundary Effects of Industrial Accidents 18 Mar 1992 17 May 2000
Convention on Biological Diversity 12 Jun 1992 27 Jul 1994

Recorded votes

ResolutionDateVote
A/RES/80/290 2026-07-10 yes
A/RES/80/282 - yes
A/RES/80/286 - yes
A/RES/80/296 - yes
A/RES/80/293 B - yes
A/RES/80/294 - yes
A/RES/80/293 A - yes
A/RES/80/297 - yes
A/RES/80/299 - yes

Provenance

Every fact on this page, with where it came from and how sure we are.

AttributeValueSourceConfidenceFetched
iso2EE wikidata 1.02026-10-12T02:20:06.567102+00:00
iso3EST wikidata 1.02026-10-12T02:20:06.567109+00:00
m49233 un_sdg 1.02026-10-12T02:20:11.771421+00:00
nameEstonia wikidata 1.02026-10-12T02:20:06.567087+00:00
un_admission_date1991-09-17 wikidata 1.02026-10-12T02:20:06.567094+00:00
unsd_nameEstonia un_sdg 1.02026-10-12T02:20:11.771428+00:00

Where this page comes from