HUMAN RIGHTS
Convention on the Rights of the Child
- Reference
- IV-11
- Adopted
- New York, 20 November 1989
- Entry into force
- 2 September 1990, in accordance with article 49(1).
- Registration
- 2 September 1990, No. 27531
- Signatories
- 140
- Parties
- 196
- Depositary record
- United Nations Treaty Collection
- 140 signed
- 196 ratified or acceded
- 197 participants listed
Who signed, and when
| Country | Signature | Ratification, acceptance, approval or accession |
|---|---|---|
| Afghanistan | 27 Sep 1990 | 28 Mar 1994 |
| Albania | 26 Jan 1990 | 27 Feb 1992 |
| Algeria | 26 Jan 1990 | 16 Apr 1993 |
| Andorra | 2 Oct 1995 | 2 Jan 1996 |
| Angola | 14 Feb 1990 | 5 Dec 1990 |
| Antigua and Barbuda | 12 Mar 1991 | 5 Oct 1993 |
| Argentina | 29 Jun 1990 | 4 Dec 1990 |
| Armenia | - | 23 Jun 1993 a |
| Australia | 22 Aug 1990 | 17 Dec 1990 |
| Austria | 26 Jan 1990 | 6 Aug 1992 |
| Austria 3 | 26 Jan 1990 | 6 Aug 1992 |
| Azerbaijan | - | 13 Aug 1992 a |
| Bahamas (The) | 30 Oct 1990 | 20 Feb 1991 |
| Bahrain | - | 13 Feb 1992 a |
| Bangladesh | 26 Jan 1990 | 3 Aug 1990 |
| Barbados | 19 Apr 1990 | 9 Oct 1990 |
| Belarus | 26 Jan 1990 | 1 Oct 1990 |
| Belgium | 26 Jan 1990 | 16 Dec 1991 |
| Belize | 2 Mar 1990 | 2 May 1990 |
| Benin | 25 Apr 1990 | 3 Aug 1990 |
| Bhutan | 4 Jun 1990 | 1 Aug 1990 |
| Bolivia (Plurinational State of) | 8 Mar 1990 | 26 Jun 1990 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | - | 1 Sep 1993 d |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina 4 | - | 1 Sep 1993 d |
| Botswana | - | 14 Mar 1995 a |
| Brazil | 26 Jan 1990 | 24 Sep 1990 |
| Brunei Darussalam | - | 27 Dec 1995 a |
| Bulgaria | 31 May 1990 | 3 Jun 1991 |
| Burkina Faso | 26 Jan 1990 | 31 Aug 1990 |
| Burundi | 8 May 1990 | 19 Oct 1990 |
| Cabo Verde | - | 4 Jun 1992 a |
| Cambodia | - | 15 Oct 1992 a |
| Cameroon | 25 Sep 1990 | 11 Jan 1993 |
| Canada | 28 May 1990 | 13 Dec 1991 |
| Central African Republic | 30 Jul 1990 | 23 Apr 1992 |
| Chad | 30 Sep 1990 | 2 Oct 1990 |
| Chile | 26 Jan 1990 | 13 Aug 1990 |
| China | 29 Aug 1990 | 2 Mar 1992 |
| China 5 , 6 | 29 Aug 1990 | 2 Mar 1992 |
| Colombia | 26 Jan 1990 | 28 Jan 1991 |
| Comoros | 30 Sep 1990 | 22 Jun 1993 |
| Congo | - | 14 Oct 1993 a |
| Cook Islands | - | 6 Jun 1997 a |
| Costa Rica | 26 Jan 1990 | 21 Aug 1990 |
| Croatia | - | 12 Oct 1992 d |
| Croatia 4 | - | 12 Oct 1992 d |
| Cuba | 26 Jan 1990 | 21 Aug 1991 |
| Cyprus | 5 Oct 1990 | 7 Feb 1991 |
| Czech Republic | - | 22 Feb 1993 d |
| Czech Republic 7 | - | 22 Feb 1993 d |
| Côte d'Ivoire | 26 Jan 1990 | 4 Feb 1991 |
| Democratic People's Republic of Korea | 23 Aug 1990 | 21 Sep 1990 |
| Democratic Republic of the Congo | 20 Mar 1990 | 27 Sep 1990 |
| Denmark | 26 Jan 1990 | 19 Jul 1991 |
| Denmark 8 | 26 Jan 1990 | 19 Jul 1991 |
| Djibouti | 30 Sep 1990 | 6 Dec 1990 |
| Dominica | 26 Jan 1990 | 13 Mar 1991 |
| Dominican Republic | 8 Aug 1990 | 11 Jun 1991 |
| Ecuador | 26 Jan 1990 | 23 Mar 1990 |
| Egypt | 5 Feb 1990 | 6 Jul 1990 |
| Egypt 9 | 5 Feb 1990 | 6 Jul 1990 |
| El Salvador | 26 Jan 1990 | 10 Jul 1990 |
| Equatorial Guinea | - | 15 Jun 1992 a |
| Eritrea | 20 Dec 1993 | 3 Aug 1994 |
| Estonia | - | 21 Oct 1991 a |
| Eswatini | 22 Aug 1990 | 7 Sep 1995 |
| Ethiopia | - | 14 May 1991 a |
| Fiji | 2 Jul 1993 | 13 Aug 1993 |
| Finland | 26 Jan 1990 | 20 Jun 1991 |
| France | 26 Jan 1990 | 7 Aug 1990 |
| Gabon | 26 Jan 1990 | 9 Feb 1994 |
| Gambia | 5 Feb 1990 | 8 Aug 1990 |
| Georgia | - | 2 Jun 1994 a |
| Germany | 26 Jan 1990 | 6 Mar 1992 |
| Germany 10 | 26 Jan 1990 | 6 Mar 1992 |
| Ghana | 29 Jan 1990 | 5 Feb 1990 |
| Greece | 26 Jan 1990 | 11 May 1993 |
| Grenada | 21 Feb 1990 | 5 Nov 1990 |
| Guatemala | 26 Jan 1990 | 6 Jun 1990 |
| Guinea | - | 13 Jul 1990 a |
| Guinea-Bissau | 26 Jan 1990 | 20 Aug 1990 |
| Guyana | 30 Sep 1990 | 14 Jan 1991 |
| Haiti | 26 Jan 1990 | 8 Jun 1995 |
| Holy See | 20 Apr 1990 | 20 Apr 1990 |
| Honduras | 31 May 1990 | 10 Aug 1990 |
| Hungary | 14 Mar 1990 | 7 Oct 1991 |
| Iceland | 26 Jan 1990 | 28 Oct 1992 |
| India | - | 11 Dec 1992 a |
| Indonesia | 26 Jan 1990 | 5 Sep 1990 |
| Iran (Islamic Republic of) | 5 Sep 1991 | 13 Jul 1994 |
| Iran (Islamic Republic of) 11 | 5 Sep 1991 | 13 Jul 1994 |
| Iraq | - | 15 Jun 1994 a |
| Ireland | 30 Sep 1990 | 28 Sep 1992 |
| Israel | 3 Jul 1990 | 3 Oct 1991 |
| Italy | 26 Jan 1990 | 5 Sep 1991 |
| Jamaica | 26 Jan 1990 | 14 May 1991 |
| Japan | 21 Sep 1990 | 22 Apr 1994 |
| Jordan | 29 Aug 1990 | 24 May 1991 |
| Kazakhstan | 16 Feb 1994 | 12 Aug 1994 |
| Kenya | 26 Jan 1990 | 30 Jul 1990 |
| Kiribati | - | 11 Dec 1995 a |
| Kuwait | 7 Jun 1990 | 21 Oct 1991 |
| Kyrgyzstan | - | 7 Oct 1994 a |
| Lao People's Democratic Republic | - | 8 May 1991 a |
| Latvia | - | 14 Apr 1992 a |
| Lebanon | 26 Jan 1990 | 14 May 1991 |
| Lesotho | 21 Aug 1990 | 10 Mar 1992 |
| Liberia | 26 Apr 1990 | 4 Jun 1993 |
| Libya | - | 15 Apr 1993 a |
| Liechtenstein | 30 Sep 1990 | 22 Dec 1995 |
| Liechtenstein 12 | 30 Sep 1990 | 22 Dec 1995 |
| Lithuania | - | 31 Jan 1992 a |
| Luxembourg | 21 Mar 1990 | 7 Mar 1994 |
| Madagascar | 19 Apr 1990 | 19 Mar 1991 |
| Malawi | - | 2 Jan 1991 a |
| Malaysia | - | 17 Feb 1995 a |
| Maldives | 21 Aug 1990 | 11 Feb 1991 |
| Mali | 26 Jan 1990 | 20 Sep 1990 |
| Malta | 26 Jan 1990 | 30 Sep 1990 |
| Marshall Islands | 14 Apr 1993 | 4 Oct 1993 |
| Mauritania | 26 Jan 1990 | 16 May 1991 |
| Mauritius | - | 26 Jul 1990 a |
| Mexico | 26 Jan 1990 | 21 Sep 1990 |
| Micronesia (Federated States of) | - | 5 May 1993 a |
| Monaco | - | 21 Jun 1993 a |
| Mongolia | 26 Jan 1990 | 5 Jul 1990 |
| Montenegro | - | 23 Oct 2006 d |
| Montenegro 13 | - | 23 Oct 2006 d |
| Morocco | 26 Jan 1990 | 21 Jun 1993 |
| Mozambique | 30 Sep 1990 | 26 Apr 1994 |
| Myanmar | - | 15 Jul 1991 a |
| Namibia | 26 Sep 1990 | 30 Sep 1990 |
| Naoero | - | 27 Jul 1994 a |
| Nepal | 26 Jan 1990 | 14 Sep 1990 |
| Netherlands (Kingdom of the) | 26 Jan 1990 | 6 Feb 1995 A |
| Netherlands (Kingdom of the) 14 | 26 Jan 1990 | 6 Feb 1995 A |
| New Zealand | 1 Oct 1990 | 6 Apr 1993 |
| New Zealand 15 | 1 Oct 1990 | 6 Apr 1993 |
| Nicaragua | 6 Feb 1990 | 5 Oct 1990 |
| Niger | 26 Jan 1990 | 30 Sep 1990 |
| Nigeria | 26 Jan 1990 | 19 Apr 1991 |
| Niue | - | 20 Dec 1995 a |
| North Macedonia | - | 2 Dec 1993 d |
| North Macedonia 4 , 16 | - | 2 Dec 1993 d |
| Norway | 26 Jan 1990 | 8 Jan 1991 |
| Oman | - | 9 Dec 1996 a |
| Pakistan | 20 Sep 1990 | 12 Nov 1990 |
| Palau | - | 4 Aug 1995 a |
| Panama | 26 Jan 1990 | 12 Dec 1990 |
| Papua New Guinea | 30 Sep 1990 | 2 Mar 1993 |
| Paraguay | 4 Apr 1990 | 25 Sep 1990 |
| Peru | 26 Jan 1990 | 4 Sep 1990 |
| Philippines | 26 Jan 1990 | 21 Aug 1990 |
| Poland | 26 Jan 1990 | 7 Jun 1991 |
| Portugal | 26 Jan 1990 | 21 Sep 1990 |
| Portugal 5 | 26 Jan 1990 | 21 Sep 1990 |
| Qatar | 8 Dec 1992 | 3 Apr 1995 |
| Republic of Korea | 25 Sep 1990 | 20 Nov 1991 |
| Republic of Korea 17 | 25 Sep 1990 | 20 Nov 1991 |
| Republic of Moldova | - | 26 Jan 1993 a |
| Romania | 26 Jan 1990 | 28 Sep 1990 |
| Russian Federation | 26 Jan 1990 | 16 Aug 1990 |
| Rwanda | 26 Jan 1990 | 24 Jan 1991 |
| Samoa | 30 Sep 1990 | 29 Nov 1994 |
| San Marino | - | 25 Nov 1991 a |
| Sao Tome and Principe | - | 14 May 1991 a |
| Saudi Arabia | - | 26 Jan 1996 a |
| Senegal | 26 Jan 1990 | 31 Jul 1990 |
| Serbia | - | 12 Mar 2001 d |
| Serbia 4 | - | 12 Mar 2001 d |
| Seychelles | - | 7 Sep 1990 a |
| Sierra Leone | 13 Feb 1990 | 18 Jun 1990 |
| Singapore | - | 5 Oct 1995 a |
| Slovakia | - | 28 May 1993 d |
| Slovakia 7 | - | 28 May 1993 d |
| Slovenia | - | 6 Jul 1992 d |
| Slovenia 4 | - | 6 Jul 1992 d |
| Solomon Islands | - | 10 Apr 1995 a |
| Somalia | 9 May 2002 | 1 Oct 2015 |
| South Africa | 29 Jan 1993 | 16 Jun 1995 |
| South Sudan | - | 23 Jan 2015 a |
| Spain | 26 Jan 1990 | 6 Dec 1990 |
| Sri Lanka | 26 Jan 1990 | 12 Jul 1991 |
| St. Kitts and Nevis | 26 Jan 1990 | 24 Jul 1990 |
| St. Lucia | 30 Sep 1990 | 16 Jun 1993 |
| St. Vincent and the Grenadines | 20 Sep 1993 | 26 Oct 1993 |
| State of Palestine | - | 2 Apr 2014 a |
| Sudan | 24 Jul 1990 | 3 Aug 1990 |
| Suriname | 26 Jan 1990 | 1 Mar 1993 |
| Sweden | 26 Jan 1990 | 29 Jun 1990 |
| Switzerland | 1 May 1991 | 24 Feb 1997 |
| Syrian Arab Republic | 18 Sep 1990 | 15 Jul 1993 |
| Tajikistan | - | 26 Oct 1993 a |
| Thailand | - | 27 Mar 1992 a |
| Timor-Leste | - | 16 Apr 2003 a |
| Togo | 26 Jan 1990 | 1 Aug 1990 |
| Tonga | - | 6 Nov 1995 a |
| Trinidad and Tobago | 30 Sep 1990 | 5 Dec 1991 |
| Tunisia | 26 Feb 1990 | 30 Jan 1992 |
| Turkmenistan | - | 20 Sep 1993 a |
| Tuvalu | - | 22 Sep 1995 a |
| Türkiye | 14 Sep 1990 | 4 Apr 1995 |
| Uganda | 17 Aug 1990 | 17 Aug 1990 |
| Ukraine | 21 Feb 1990 | 28 Aug 1991 |
| United Arab Emirates | - | 3 Jan 1997 a |
| United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | 19 Apr 1990 | 16 Dec 1991 |
| United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 6 , 18 , 19 , 20 | 19 Apr 1990 | 16 Dec 1991 |
| United Republic of Tanzania | 1 Jun 1990 | 10 Jun 1991 |
| United States of America | 16 Feb 1995 | - |
| Uruguay | 26 Jan 1990 | 20 Nov 1990 |
| Uzbekistan | - | 29 Jun 1994 a |
| Vanuatu | 30 Sep 1990 | 7 Jul 1993 |
| Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) | 26 Jan 1990 | 13 Sep 1990 |
| Viet Nam | 26 Jan 1990 | 28 Feb 1990 |
| Yemen | 13 Feb 1990 | 1 May 1991 |
| Yemen 21 | 13 Feb 1990 | 1 May 1991 |
| Zambia | 30 Sep 1990 | 6 Dec 1991 |
| Zimbabwe | 8 Mar 1990 | 11 Sep 1990 |
Participants that are UN member states link to their profile. The Holy See, the European Union, the Cook Islands and Niue appear in these tables and are not member states, so they are named without a link rather than attached to the nearest match. The third column carries the depositary’s own annotation. Accession, succession and acceptance are legally distinct from ratification and are shown as the record states them rather than flattened into one word.
Counts verified against the depositary’s own totals for this treaty before publication. The United Nations Treaty Collection is the authority; this page is a readable copy and may lag it.